There is now increasing evidence for individual functions of the subunits that are different from their functions in the holoenzyme. The holoenzyme is composed of two regulatory β-subunits and two catalytic α- or α´-subunits. A great number of studies deal with substrates of CK2, but the fact that over 160 substrates exist is more confusing than elucidatory. It is now well established that protein kinase CK2 is a pleiotropic and ubiquitous serine or threonine kinase, which is highly conserved during evolution. Since then, protein kinase CK2 has been investigated in many organisms from yeast to man.
More than 46 years ago, Burnett and Kennedy first described protein kinase CK2 (formerly known as casein kinase 2) in liver extracts. Subcellular localization of protein kinase CK2 Subcellular localization of protein kinase CK2
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